Case Study On Drug Induced Anaphylaxis †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Talk about the Drug Induced Anaphylaxis. Answer: Presentation Hypersensitivity is a dangerous response experienced by certain individuals when they are presented to any kind of allergen. At the point when they are presented to something they are adversely affected by, the invulnerable cells of the body discharges certain synthetic compounds which can offer ascent to anaphylactic responses (Torres Blanca, 2010). Hypersensitivity is hazardous and requires a quick activity. Activating elements for anaphylactic stun incorporates food, creepy crawly stings, meds, sedatives, latex, allergens like dust grains from plants, shape spores, tidies, and synthetics found in makeup. Now and again it very well may be some blood items (Harper et al., 2009). Anaphylactic operators may enter the body through direct skin contact, ingestion, and inward breath. The antigens distinguish the allergens as outside body. Resistant cells like the pole cells discharge synthetic concoctions that quandary to the IgE counter acting agent to offer ascent to an incendiary reaction (vultaggio, 2010). Anaphylactic stuns causes vasodilatation and expands the penetrability of the vessels prompting poor transfusion of the tissues. Poor tissue perfusion prompts stun (Adkinson et al., 2013). This paper centers around the anaphylactic responses because of the organization of the wide range of anti-infection Flucloxacillin (Jenkins et al., 2009). Pathophysiology Every single individual responds to prescriptions in an unexpected way. A medication reasonable for one may not be appropriate for the other individual. An individual may create rashes or grow increasingly genuine unfriendly responses; o the other hand someone else may not show any such unfavorable responses. Resistant responses are because of the chain response that begins in the invulnerable response. The safe arrangement of the body controls how a body guards itself from diseases. The insusceptible arrangement of the body responds to drugs from various perspectives. For example, on the off chance that a body is sensitive to a specific medication, at that point the body distinguishes that specific medication as an allergen or an antigen. The safe framework shields the body from illness. The body is so intended to battle with the contaminations and illnesses. During an extreme touchiness response the safe framework responds with the medications, thinking it as an outside intruder. This resistant reaction prompts aggravation causing rashes, pained breathing, wheeziness and a lot more indications. Touchiness responses because of medications are intervened primarily by the IgE antibodies or T cells. The response system of IgE is all around researched, yet the instruments of T-cell-interceded medicate extreme touchiness are not surely known (Lieberman, 2008). Ongoing examinations have depicted 2 ideas: the hapten/prohapten idea and the idea of connections of the anti-microbials with insusceptible receptors (Adam, Pichler Yerly, 2011). In unfavorably susceptible medication responses, intervened by the T cells, the explicitness of the T-cell receptor that has been animated by the anti-infection might be coordinated to a cross-responsive significant histocompatibility complex-peptide compound. In this way, past contact with the medication isn't compulsory, and an invulnerable component ought to be considered as the significant reason for extreme touchiness (Aun et al.,2014). Undoubtedly, overly sensitive responses to xenobiotics in patients with no earlier introduction to the opera tor have been depicted for the neuromuscular blocking specialists and radio complexity media. Hence, the allergenic attributes of a medication a work in progress ought to be surveyed by distinguishing its hapten like qualities as well as by recognizing its capability to offer ascent to an invulnerable response (Dona et al., 2011). Late discoveries have recommended that past contact with the medication isn't constantly required for a medication unfavorably susceptible response, however the responses can be clarified by the cross reactivity. Cross reactivity interceded medicate sensitivity may happen in the IgE, IgG and T cell intervened responses. The accompanying contextual analysis depicts about a medication prompted anaphylactic responses. The patient was experiencing Cellulitis. On organization of the medication flucloxacillin, the patient experienced extreme touchiness responses (Pichler et al., 2010). This shows the anti-toxin managed to the patient more likely than not acted like an antigen towards the resistant cells of the body, and therefore the body may have produced an uplifted invulnerable reaction. The patient has likewise built up the indications that are regular in an anaphylactic stun. Medication related hypersensitivity gives indications, for example, Heaving, Dizziness, Weak or fast heartbeat, fixing of the throat, Unconsciousness, Wheezing, Rashes everywhere throughout the body. The side effects given in the given contextual analysis is likewise like these general signs brought about by the medication incited hypersensitivity (Liew, Williamson Tang, 2009). The contextual investigation furnishes data with an individual having cellulitis. Cellulitis is a bacterial contamination that happens underneath the skin. Cellulitis can happen on any piece of the skin, generally in legs, which prompts growing and redness. The individual is accounted for to go to the medical clinic where he was regulated with Flucloxacillin, after which he had a hypersensitivity stun. Flucloxacillin is an anti-toxin that is ordinarily managed to treat bacterial diseases like Cellulitis. According to the side effects showed in the given contextual analysis it could be comprehended that the people aviation route has limited causing pained breathing and the veins may have augmented, making the pulse fall. Every one of these indications line up with the general side effects of a medication initiated hypersensitivity. Lab methods are consistently not seen as dependable in the recognition of the anaphylactic responses. A patient experiencing drug instigated hypersensitivity ought to have elevatedplasma histamineat least inside one hour of beginning of the symptoms.Serum or plasma tryptaselevels more prominent than 15ng/ml, inside 12 hours of beginning is typically utilized as a corroborative test however generally negative in food-actuated hypersensitivity (Rueff et al., 2009). Plasma tryptasemeasurements are progressively dependable that solitary estimation. Raised degree of IgE in the serum and skin tests for the allergen isn't generally solid for understanding the medication actuated excessive touchiness reactions.Mast cell tryptaseis the research center methodology that affirms an anaphylactic response. It is prescribed to evacuate the causative operator of the response, in spite of the fact that it isn't generally conceivable. The underlying treatment if rewarding hypersensitivity is the organization of epinephrine (Kemp, Lockey Simons, 2008). Epinephrine IV is given if there should arise an occurrence of extreme responses. In the event of serious stun, the skin and the muscle may not be per combined appropriately in such a case subcutaneous or intramuscular epinephrine won't be appropriately caught up in to the dissemination that is the reason type IV is given. Epinephrine has numerous deadly reactions. It can cause extreme palpitations and dyrrhythmias on the off chance that it too quick application is finished. One ought to ascertain the sub-cutanous or the intramuscular portion and should give just portion IV between 2 to 10 minutes, according to the earnestness of the condition (Soar et al., 2008). Contextual analysis based on ISBAR structure Recognizable proof Name of the patient-Jim Palmer Circumstance Jim Palmer is a rancher of 53 years of age He was conceded toward the beginning of the day with an instance of extreme cellulitis in his left lower leg. Foundation Jim Palmer is a rancher of 53 years of age He was conceded toward the beginning of the day with an instance of extreme cellulites in his left lower leg. He was brought to the facility where he got one portion of flucloxacillin as a moderate bolus. Ten minutes after the organization of the medication he was discovered short of breath, throat clog, sentiment of tipsiness, and wooziness. On further appraisal it was discovered that the degree of obviousness is continuously expanding. It was discovered that Jim had a reciprocal chest development, profundity of his breathing is shallow, and some discernible wheezing can be heard with some focal cyanosis. He is feeling amazingly sluggish and is reacting to voices. Finding Nearness of Urticarial rashes alongside growing in his lips, fingers and toes showing intense hypersensitivity responses. Past clinical history Past clinical history doesn't show any such unfavorably susceptible responses. Evaluation Fundamental signs-Resps 26 bpm, B.P-99 mm Hg systolic on palpitation, internal heat level 37.4?, SaO2 91% on RA, cool and moist peripherals, Capillary top off planning is more prominent than 4 secs, Urticarial red rashes, expanding of lips, toes, Blood glucose-5.3 mmols/liters. Current drug The patient is directed with two dosages of Flucloxacillin 1gram IV is given. Suggestions The patient is giving continuous indications of crumbling. His visibilities and reaction to voices are diminishing step by step. So will be better that a prompt move is made. It is prescribed to begin the underlying treatment with a low portion of Epinephrine. It is prescribed to check the Serum or plasma tryptaselevels. A level more noteworthy than 15ng/ml, inside 12 hours of beginning is regularly utilized as a corroborative test for the hypersensitivity responses. Ends Anaphylactic responses due to the use of anti-toxins have expanded in recurrence in light of the far reaching utilization of the pharmaceuticals. Hypersensitivity is easily affected responses caused because of the arrival of the arbiters of basophils and pole cells by the IgE. Anaphylactic responses vary from patient to tolerant, so affectability of one patient to a specific allergen probably won't coordinate with the other patient. Anaphylactic responses are perilous at times. In this way barely any things must be kept into brain to maintain a strategic distance from hypersensitivity. It is very importan to be familiar with the patients clinical history. Care ought to be taken by the attendants and the human services suppliers to give medications like - lactams, non steroidal calming drugs, anasthetics, radio complexity media, latex and some more. Straightforward systems help in forestalling hypersensitivity, which includes the course through which the medication has been managed, t olerant distinguishing proof with recently known history of anaph

Whos The Boss Essay Example For Students

Whos The Boss? Article Word Count: 1267Whos The Boss?A common connection between a representative and a business exists on the affirmation of who is in control; a representative must acknowledge the business as an authority.A specialist should address the business with a specific measure of regard and polished skill. A business ought to have control of their representatives and clarify that they are the chief. In David Mamets play Glengarry Glen Ross, anyway the connection between the workers and the business is incredibly atypical. There is no relationship to what is accepted to be the standard. The language Mamet utilizes in the play makes the impossible to miss relationship convincing. The contending and disdain can be believed be the peruser. The workers in this specific office have overlooked who the supervisor is; they don't address him with any regard or pride. The business acknowledges the manner in which he is dealt with and doesn't hold fast; he permits his workers to mistreat him. This office isn't the sort of work place where the supervisor has the final word; there are various occasions all through the play where the chief and his representatives really battle. The connection between one of the workers, Shelly Levene, and his boss, John Williamson, mirrors this irregular relationship. Williamson is the chief, or director of this specific part of a land organization, he does anyway have two supervisors, Mitch and Murray. The play starts with Williamson making a declaration in regards to the occupations of the entirety of the workers in the workplace. There is a challenge starting to see who could close the most arrangements. Whoever won would win a vehicle and whoever lost would be terminated. In the accompanying discussion among Williamson and Levene, the two are talking about whom the great leads are going to. Levene has disclosed to Williamson that without the great leads he won't have the option to close, wherein case, he will be terminated. Williamson has said that he needs to give the prompts the closers and that Levene has not been a closer. I get the discussion after numerous pages of contentions, Williamson consenting to Shellys pay off and right when Shelly is requesting two leads. WILLIAMSON. Im not certain I have two. LEVENE. I saw the board. Youve got fourWILLIAMSON. Ive got Roma. At that point Ive got MossLEVENE. Bologna. They aint been in he office yet. Give em some solid. We have an arrangement or not? Eh? Two sits. The Des Plaines. Both of em, six and ten, you can do itsix and teneight and eleven, I dont care at all, you set em up? Okay? The two sits in Des Plaines. WILLIAMSON. Okay. LEVENE. Great. Presently were talking. (pause)WILLIAMSON. A hundred bucks. (pause)LEVENE. Presently? (stop) Now?WILLIAMSON. Presently. (delay) YesWhen?LEVENE. Ok, crap, John. (pause)WILLIAMSON. I wish I could. LEVENE. You screwing butt head. (stop) I havent got it. (stop) I havent got it, John. (stop) Ill compensation you tomorrow. (stop) Im coming in here with deals, Ill compensation you tomorrow. (delay) I havent got it, when I pay, the gasI return to the inn, Ill acquire it tomorrow (act 1, scene1, 13-14). This doesn't seem like a discussion someone would have with their chief. Discusses pay off from the worker to the business are being examined in this discussion there are. This doesn't appear to upset Williamson by any stretch of the imagination. He continues saying no Levene despite everything keeps on pushing. Later in the discussion Levene says to Williamson Well, I need to reveal to you something, fella, wasnt long I could get the telephone, call Murray and Id have your activity. You realize that? Not very far in the past. For what? In vain. Mur, this new child consumes my butt. Shelly, hes out. Youre gone before Im again from lunch. I got him an outing to Bermuda once.(act 1, scene 1, 14.) In a normal office setting Levene would have been terminated with the main indication of lack of respect and foul language to the chief, in any case, here, he isn't rebuffed for his activity. .uaab652b9e46574f1f0846709897bb578 , .uaab652b9e46574f1f0846709897bb578 .postImageUrl , .uaab652b9e46574f1f0846709897bb578 .focused content region { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .uaab652b9e46574f1f0846709897bb578 , .uaab652b9e46574f1f0846709897bb578:hover , .uaab652b9e46574f1f0846709897bb578:visited , .uaab652b9e46574f1f0846709897bb578:active { border:0!important; } .uaab652b9e46574f1f0846709897bb578 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .uaab652b9e46574f1f0846709897bb578 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; obscurity: 1; change: haziness 250ms; webkit-progress: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .uaab652b9e46574f1f0846709897bb578:active , .uaab652b9e46574f1f0846709897bb578:hover { murkiness: 1; progress: darkness 250ms; webkit-change: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .uaab652b9e46574f1f0846709897bb578 .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relati ve; } .uaab652b9e46574f1f0846709897bb578 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content adornment: underline; } .uaab652b9e46574f1f0846709897bb578 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .uaab652b9e46574f1f0846709897bb578 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: intense; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe range: 3px; content adjust: focus; content improvement: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .uaab652b9e46574f1f0846709897bb578:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .uaab652b9e46574f 1f0846709897bb578 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .uaab652b9e46574f1f0846709897bb578-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .uaab652b9e46574f1f0846709897bb578:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: TheTechnological Advances in Space Exploration EssayIn Act 2 Levene really questions Williamsons business capacity. This next discussion between the two happens after a robbery in the workplace and after Levene at long last settles a negotiation with an astonishing client. Williamson. That if the deal sticks it will be a wonder. Levene. For what reason should the deal not stick? Hello, screw you. That is the thing that Im saying. You have no clue about your activity. A keeps an eye on his activity and youre screwed at yours. You hear what Im saying to you? Your month's end board You cannot run an office. I dont care. You dont realize what it is, you dont have the sense, you dont have the balls. You at any point been on a sit? Ever? Has this cocksucker ever beenyou ever plunk down with a custWilliamson. I were you, Id quiet down, Shelly. Levene. Okay? OK? Or on the other hand you going to what, fire me?Williamson. Its certainly feasible. Levene. On an eighty-thousand dollar day? What's more, it aint even early afternoon (act 2, 45). In this discussion the two individuals are scrutinizing the others capacities. Commonly a manager would not scrutinize a deal as large as the one Levene made or on the off chance that he did he would in any event state it with some conventionality rather than the manner in which he did. A representative would not scrutinize the force his manager has; he ought to consistently realize that he could be terminated. The impossible to miss connection between the two men is mostly due to what extent each man has been working at the workplace and because of the characters of the men. There are ordinarily when Levene raises to what extent he has been there and how Williamson wasnt there. Williamson is feeling forced by his frailties to act the manner in which he should, or the manner in which the previous boss did. He doesn't have the foggiest idea how to address Levene when he talks about the past. Williamson is under the authority of Murray and Mitch; he needs to do what they advise him to do. Levene doesnt concur with this and accepts that it is Williamson providing the requests and that if Williamson somehow managed to call up Mitch or Murray they would instruct him to follow whatever Levene says. Williamson is a hesitant man. He doesn't care for showdown. At whatever point Shelly or anybody started to shout at him he would simply leave. Shelly is a more established and to some degree candid man ; he realizes that Williamson is tentative and along these lines talks the manner in which he does to him. Shelly is feeling the weight of the more youthful men playing his job as the best. The entirety of the pressure and weight in the workplace makes everybody be anxious. I feel that Williamson is more understanding since he understands that Shellys work is being compromised. These weights and sentiments cause Williamson and Levene to loathe one another. The language utilized by Mamet to depict the entirety of this truly causes the peruser to feel the pressure and strain in the workplace. The peruser can hear the contending and opposing this idea. The outrageous language enables the peruser to comprehend the absence of control in the workplace just as the atypical conduct between a representative and manager. Works Cited1. Mamet, David. Glengarry Glen Ross. New York: Samuel French, Inc., 1982.

Cancel your Application - UGA Undergraduate Admissions

Withdraw/Cancel your Application - UGA Undergraduate Admissions Withdraw/Cancel your Application A number of colleges have just released their EA/ED decisions, and now comes the time when some of our applicants decide that another university is a better match for their needs as a college student. This is just fine, as we know that this will happen and we plan for this possibility in our admission offers. FYI: This is not an option for applicants who just want to redo their application because they left off some items, as these student would just contact us and add information to their file. We have tried to make it easy for students to withdraw/cancel their application, and we have built it into the myStatus page. On the bottom of the site, you will see an option for canceling your application, either before or after an offer of admission. The biggest thing we want you to be sure of before you take this step is that you really want to withdraw/cancel your application (dont just do this on a whim). We even built in an are you sure step just to make sure this is what you want. If you have selected another college to attend, and are sure that UGA is not in your plans, then go ahead and withdraw/cancel your application. This will help you to no longer receive communications from us, it allows us to clear things up on our side and focus on potential UGA enrollees, and makes things easier for everyone. Good luck, and Go Dawgs!

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We Must Put an End to Corporal Punishment Essay - 2377 Words

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The Lost Symbol Chapter 86-89 Free Essays

string(146) " Since the beginning of time, the ignorant had always screamed the loudest, herding the unsuspecting masses and forcing them to do their bidding\." CHAPTER 86 In the cerulean glow of his basement lights, Mal’akh stood at the stone table and continued his preparations. As he worked, his empty stomach growled. He paid no heed. We will write a custom essay sample on The Lost Symbol Chapter 86-89 or any similar topic only for you Order Now His days of servitude to the whims of his flesh were behind him. Transformation requires sacrifice. Like many of history’s most spiritually evolved men, Mal’akh had committed to his path by making the noblest of flesh sacrifices. Castration had been less painful than he had imagined. And, he had learned, far more common. Every year, thousands of men underwent surgical gelding–orchiectomy, as the process was known–their motivations ranging from transgender issues, to curbing sexual addictions, to deep-seated spiritual beliefs. For Mal’akh, the reasons were of the highest nature. Like the mythological self-castrated Attis, Mal’akh knew that achieving immortality required a clean break with the material world of male and female. The androgyne is one. Nowadays, eunuchs were shunned, although the ancients understood the inherent power of this transmutational sacrifice. Even the early Christians had heard Jesus Himself extol its virtues in Matthew 19:12: â€Å"There are those who have made themselves eunuchs for the sake of the kingdom of heaven. He who is able to accept this, let him accept it.† Peter Solomon had made a flesh sacrifice, although a single hand was a small price in the grand scheme. By night’s end, however, Solomon would be sacrificing much, much more. In order to create, I must destroy. Such was the nature of polarity. Peter Solomon, of course, deserved the fate that awaited him tonight. It would be a fitting end. Long ago, he had played the pivotal role in Mal’akh’s mortal life path. For this reason, Peter had been chosen to play the pivotal role in Mal’akh’s great transformation. This man had earned all the horror and pain he was about to endure. Peter Solomon was not the man the world believed he was. He sacrificed his own son. Peter Solomon had once presented his son, Zachary, with an impossible choice–wealth or wisdom. Zachary chose poorly. The boy’s decision had begun a chain of events that eventually dragged the young man into the depths of hell. Soganlik Prison. Zachary Solomon had died in that Turkish prison. The whole world knew the story . . . but what they didn’t know was that Peter Solomon could have saved his son. I was there, Mal’akh thought. I heard it all. Mal’akh had never forgotten that night. Solomon’s brutal decision had meant the end of his son, Zach, but it had been the birth of Mal’akh. Some must die that others may live. As the light over Mal’akh’s head began changing color again, he realized the hour was late. He completed his preparations and headed back up the ramp. It was time to attend to matters of the mortal world. CHAPTER 87 All is revealed at the thirty-third degree, Katherine thought as she ran. I know how to transform the pyramid! The answer had been right in front of them all night. Katherine and Langdon were alone now, dashing through the cathedral’s annex, following signs for â€Å"The Garth.† Now, exactly as the dean had promised, they burst out of the cathedral into a massive, walled-in courtyard. The cathedral garth was a cloistered, pentagonal garden with a bronze postmodern fountain. Katherine was amazed how loudly the fountain’s flowing water seemed to be reverberating in the courtyard. Then she realized it was not the fountain she was hearing. â€Å"Helicopter!† she shouted as a beam of light pierced the night sky above them. â€Å"Get under that portico!† The dazzling glare of a searchlight flooded the garth just as Langdon and Katherine reached the other side, slipping beneath a Gothic arch into a tunnel that led to the outside lawn. They waited, huddled in the tunnel, as the helicopter passed overhead and began circling the cathedral in wide arcs. â€Å"I guess Galloway was right about hearing visitors,† Katherine said, impressed. Bad eyes make for great ears. Her own ears now pounded rhythmically with her racing pulse. â€Å"This way,† Langdon said, clutching his daybag and moving through the passage. Dean Galloway had given them a single key and a clear set of directions. Unfortunately, when they reached the end of the short tunnel, they found themselves separated from their destination by a wide-open expanse of lawn, currently flooded with light from the helicopter overhead. â€Å"We can’t get across,† Katherine said. â€Å"Hold on . . . look.† Langdon pointed to a black shadow that was materializing on the lawn to their left. The shadow began as an amorphous blob, but it was growing quickly, moving in their direction, becoming more defined, rushing at them faster and faster, stretching, and finally transforming itself into a massive black rectangle crowned by two impossibly tall spires. â€Å"The cathedral facade is blocking the searchlight,† Langdon said. â€Å"They’re landing out in front!† Langdon grabbed Katherine’s hand. â€Å"Run! Now!† Inside the cathedral, Dean Galloway felt a lightness in his step that he had not felt in years. He moved through the Great Crossing, down the nave toward the narthex and the front doors. He could hear the helicopter hovering in front of the cathedral now, and he imagined its lights coming through the rose window in front of him, throwing spectacular colors all over the sanctuary. He recalled the days when he could see color. Ironically, the lightless void that had become his world had illuminated many things for him. I see more clearly now than ever. Galloway had been called to God as a young man and over his lifetime had loved the church as much as any man could. Like many of his colleagues who had given their lives in earnest to God, Galloway was weary. He had spent his life straining to be heard above the din of ignorance. What did I expect? From the Crusades, to the Inquisition, to American politics–the name Jesus had been hijacked as an ally in all kinds of power struggles. Since the beginning of time, the ignorant had always screamed the loudest, herding the unsuspecting masses and forcing them to do their bidding. You read "The Lost Symbol Chapter 86-89" in category "Essay examples" They defended their worldly desires by citing Scripture they did not understand. They celebrated their intolerance as proof of their convictions. Now, after all these years, mankind had finally managed to utterly erode everything that had once been so beautiful about Jesus. Tonight, encountering the symbol of the Rose Cross had fueled him with great hope, reminding him of the prophecies written in the Rosicrucian manifestos, which Galloway had read countless times in the past and could still recall. Chapter One: Jehova will redeem humanity by revealing those secrets which he previously reserved only for the elect. Chapter Four: The whole world shall become as one book and all the contradictions of science and theology shall be reconciled. Chapter Seven: Before the end of the world, God shall create a great flood of spiritual light to alleviate the suffering of humankind. Chapter Eight: Before this revelation is possible, the world must sleep away the intoxication of her poisoned chalice, which was filled with the false life of the theological vine. Galloway knew the church had long ago lost her way, and he had dedicated his life to righting her course. Now, he realized, the moment was fast approaching. It is always darkest before the dawn. CIA field agent Turner Simkins was perched on the strut of the Sikorsky helicopter as it touched down on the frosty grass. He leaped off, joined by his men, and immediately waved the chopper back up into the air to keep an eye on all the exits. Nobody leaves this building. As the chopper rose back into the night sky, Simkins and his team ran up the stairs to the cathedral’s main entrance. Before he could decide which of the six doors to pound on, one of them swung open. â€Å"Yes?† a calm voice said from the shadows. Simkins could barely make out the hunched figure in priest’s robes. â€Å"Are you Dean Colin Galloway?† â€Å"I am,† the old man replied. â€Å"I’m looking for Robert Langdon. Have you seen him?† The old man stepped forward now, staring past Simkins with eerie blank eyes. â€Å"Now, wouldn’t that be a miracle.† CHAPTER 88 Time is running out. Security analyst Nola Kaye was already on edge, and the third mug of coffee she was now drinking had begun coursing through her like an electric current. No word yet from Sato. Finally, her phone rang, and Nola leaped on it. â€Å"OS,† she answered. â€Å"Nola here.† â€Å"Nola, it’s Rick Parrish in systems security.† Nola slumped. No Sato. â€Å"Hi, Rick. What can I do for you?† â€Å"I wanted to give you a heads-up–our department may have information relevant to what you’re working on tonight.† Nola set down her coffee. How the hell do you know what I’m working on tonight? â€Å"I beg your pardon?† â€Å"Sorry, it’s the new CI program we’re beta-testing,† Parrish said. â€Å"It keeps flagging your workstation number.† Nola now realized what he was talking about. The Agency was currently running a new piece of â€Å"collaborative integration† software designed to provide real-time alerts to disparate CIA departments when they happened to be processing related data fields. In an era of time-sensitive terrorist threats, the key to thwarting disaster was often as simple as a heads-up telling you that the guy down the hall was analyzing the very data you needed. As far as Nola was concerned, this CI software had proven more of a distraction than any real help–constant interruption software, she called it. â€Å"Right, I forgot,† Nola said. â€Å"What have you got?† She was positive that nobody else in the building knew about this crisis, much less could be working on it. The only computer work Nola had done tonight was historical research for Sato on esoteric Masonic topics. Nonetheless, she was obliged to play the game. â€Å"Well, it’s probably nothing,† Parrish said, â€Å"but we stopped a hacker tonight, and the CI program keeps suggesting I share the information with you.† A hacker? Nola sipped her coffee. â€Å"I’m listening.† â€Å"About an hour ago,† Parrish said, â€Å"we snagged a guy named Zoubianis trying to access a file on one of our internal databases. This guy claims it was a job for hire and that he has no idea why he was being paid to access this particular file or even that it was on a CIA server.† â€Å"Okay.† â€Å"We finished questioning him, and he’s clean. But here’s the weird thing–the same file he was targeting had been flagged earlier tonight by an internal search engine. It looks like someone piggybacked into our system, ran a specific keyword search, and generated a redaction. The thing is, the keywords they used are really strange. And there’s one in particular that the CI flagged as a high-priority match–one that’s unique to both of our data sets.† He paused. â€Å"Do you know the word . . . symbolon?† Nola jolted upright, spilling coffee on her desk. â€Å"The other keywords are just as unusual,† Parrish continued. â€Å"Pyramid, portal–â€Å" â€Å"Get down here,† Nola commanded, mopping up her desk. â€Å"And bring everything you’ve got!† â€Å"These words actually mean something to you?† â€Å"NOW!† CHAPTER 89 Cathedral College is an elegant, castlelike edifice located adjacent to the National Cathedral. The College of Preachers, as it was originally envisioned by the first Episcopal bishop of Washington, was founded to provide ongoing education for clergy after their ordination. Today, the college offers a wide variety of programs on theology, global justice, healing, and spirituality. Langdon and Katherine had made the dash across the lawn and used Galloway’s key to slip inside just as the helicopter rose back over the cathedral, its floodlights turning night back into day. Now, standing breathless inside the foyer, they surveyed their surroundings. The windows provided sufficient illumination, and Langdon saw no reason to turn the lights on and take a chance of broadcasting their whereabouts to the helicopter overhead. As they moved down the central hallway, they passed a series of conference halls, classrooms, and sitting areas. The interior reminded Langdon of the neo-Gothic buildings of Yale University–breathtaking on the outside, and yet surprisingly utilitarian on the inside, their period elegance having been retrofitted to endure heavy foot traffic. â€Å"Down here,† Katherine said, motioning toward the far end of the hall. Katherine had yet to share with Langdon her new revelation regarding the pyramid, but apparently the reference to Isaacus Neutonuus had sparked it. All she had said as they crossed the lawn was that the pyramid could be transformed using simple science. Everything she needed, she believed, could probably be found in this building. Langdon had no idea what she needed or how Katherine intended to transform a solid piece of granite or gold, but considering he had just witnessed a cube metamorphose into a Rosicrucian cross, he was willing to have faith. They reached the end of the hall and Katherine frowned, apparently not seeing what she wanted. â€Å"You said this building has dormitory facilities?† â€Å"Yes, for residential conferences.† â€Å"So they must have a kitchen in here somewhere, right?† â€Å"You’re hungry?† She frowned back at him. â€Å"No, I need a lab.† Of course you do. Langdon spotted a descending staircase that bore a promising symbol. America’s favorite pictogram. The basement kitchen was industrial looking–lots of stainless steel and big bowls–clearly designed to cook for large groups. The kitchen had no windows. Katherine closed the door and flipped on the lights. The exhaust fans came on automatically. She began rooting around in the cupboards for whatever it was she needed. â€Å"Robert,† she directed, â€Å"put the pyramid out on the island, if you would.† Feeling like the novice sous chef taking orders from Daniel Boulud, Langdon did as he was told, removing the pyramid from his bag and placing the gold capstone on top of it. When he finished, Katherine was busy filling an enormous pot with hot tap water. â€Å"Would you please lift this to the stove for me?† Langdon heaved the sloshing pot onto the stove as Katherine turned on the gas burner and cranked up the flame. â€Å"Are we doing lobsters?† he asked hopefully. â€Å"Very funny. No, we’re doing alchemy. And for the record, this is a pasta pot, not a lobster pot.† She pointed to the perforated strainer insert that she had removed from the pot and placed on the island beside the pyramid. Silly me. â€Å"And boiling pasta is going to help us decipher the pyramid?† Katherine ignored the comment, her tone turning serious. â€Å"As I’m sure you know, there is a historical and symbolic reason the Masons chose thirty-three as their highest degree.† â€Å"Of course,† Langdon said. In the days of Pythagoras, six centuries before Christ, the tradition of numerology hailed the number 33 as the highest of all the Master Numbers. It was the most sacred figure, symbolizing Divine Truth. The tradition lived on within the Masons . . . and elsewhere. It was no coincidence that Christians were taught that Jesus was crucified at age thirty-three, despite no real historical evidence to that effect. Nor was it coincidence that Joseph was said to have been thirty-three when he married the Virgin Mary, or that Jesus accomplished thirty-three miracles, or that God’s name was mentioned thirty-three times in Genesis, or that, in Islam, all the dwellers of heaven were permanently thirty-three years old. â€Å"Thirty-three,† Katherine said, â€Å"is a sacred number in many mystical traditions.† â€Å"Correct.† Langdon still had no idea what this had to do with a pasta pot. â€Å"So it should come as no surprise to you that an early alchemist, Rosicrucian, and mystic like Isaac Newton also considered the number thirty-three special.† â€Å"I’m sure he did,† Langdon replied. â€Å"Newton was deep into numerology, prophecy, and astrology, but what does–â€Å" â€Å"All is revealed at the thirty-third degree.† Langdon pulled Peter’s ring from his pocket and read the inscription. Then he glanced back at the pot of water. â€Å"Sorry, you lost me.† â€Å"Robert, earlier tonight, we all assumed `thirty-third degree’ referred to the Masonic degree, and yet when we rotated that ring thirty-three degrees, the cube transformed and revealed a cross. At that moment, we realized the word degree was being used in another sense.† â€Å"Yes. Degrees of arc.† â€Å"Exactly. But degree has a third meaning as well.† Langdon eyed the pot of water on the stove. â€Å"Temperature.† â€Å"Exactly!† she said. â€Å"It was right in front of us all night. `All is revealed at the thirty-third degree.’ If we bring this pyramid’s temperature to thirty-three degrees . . . it may just reveal something.† Langdon knew Katherine Solomon was exceptionally bright, and yet she seemed to be missing a rather obvious point. â€Å"If I’m not mistaken, thirty-three degrees is almost freezing. Shouldn’t we be putting the pyramid in the freezer?† Katherine smiled. â€Å"Not if we want to follow the recipe written by the great alchemist and Rosicrucian mystic who signed his papers Jeova Sanctus Unus.† Isaacus Neutonuus wrote recipes? â€Å"Robert, temperature is the fundamental alchemical catalyst, and it was not always measured in Fahrenheit and Celsius. There are far older temperature scales, one of them invented by Isaac–â€Å" â€Å"The Newton Scale!† Langdon said, realizing she was right. â€Å"Yes! Isaac Newton invented an entire system of quantifying temperature based entirely on natural phenomena. The temperature of melting ice was Newton’s base point, and he called it `the zeroth degree.’ † She paused. â€Å"I suppose you can guess what degree he assigned the temperature of boiling water–the king of all alchemical processes?† â€Å"Thirty-three.† â€Å"Yes, thirty-three! The thirty-third degree. On the Newton Scale, the temperature of boiling water is thirty-three degrees. I remember asking my brother once why Newton chose that number. I mean, it seemed so random. Boiling water is the most fundamental alchemical process, and he chose thirty-three? Why not a hundred? Why not something more elegant? Peter explained that, to a mystic like Isaac Newton, there was no number more elegant than thirty- three.† All is revealed at the thirty-third degree. Langdon glanced at the pot of water and then over at the pyramid. â€Å"Katherine, the pyramid is made out of solid granite and solid gold. Do you really think boiling water is hot enough to transform it?† The smile on her face told Langdon that Katherine knew something he did not know. Confidently, she walked over to the island, lifted the gold-capped, granite pyramid, and set it in the strainer. Then she carefully lowered it into the bubbling water. â€Å"Let’s find out, shall we?† High above the National Cathedral, the CIA pilot locked the helicopter in auto-hover mode and surveyed the perimeter of the building and the grounds. No movement. His thermal imaging couldn’t penetrate the cathedral stone, and so he couldn’t tell what the team was doing inside, but if anyone tried to slip out, the thermal would pick it up. It was sixty seconds later that a thermal sensor pinged. Working on the same principle as home- security systems, the detector had identified a strong temperature differential. Usually this meant a human form moving through a cool space, but what appeared on the monitor was more of a thermal cloud, a patch of hot air drifting across the lawn. The pilot found the source, an active vent on the side of Cathedral College. Probably nothing, he thought. He saw these kinds of gradients all the time. Someone cooking or doing laundry. As he was about to turn away, though, he realized something odd. There were no cars in the parking lot and no lights on anywhere in the building. He studied the UH-60’s imaging system for a long moment. Then he radioed down to his team leader. â€Å"Simkins, it’s probably nothing, but . . .† â€Å"Incandescent temperature indicator!† Langdon had to admit, it was clever. â€Å"It’s simple science,† Katherine said. â€Å"Different substances incandesce at different temperatures. We call them thermal markers. Science uses these markers all the time.† Langdon gazed down at the submerged pyramid and capstone. Wisps of steam were beginning to curl over the bubbling water, although he was not feeling hopeful. He glanced at his watch, and his heart rate accelerated: 11:45 P.M. â€Å"You believe something here will luminesce as it heats up?† â€Å"Not luminesce, Robert. Incandesce. There’s a big difference. Incandescence is caused by heat, and it occurs at a specific temperature. For example, when steel manufacturers temper beams, they spray a grid on them with a transparent coating that incandesces at a specific target temperature so they know when the beams are done. Think of a mood ring. Just put it on your finger, and it changes color from body heat.† â€Å"Katherine, this pyramid was built in the 1800s! I can understand a craftsman making hidden release hinges in a stone box, but applying some kind of transparent thermal coating?† â€Å"Perfectly feasible,† she said, glancing hopefully at the submerged pyramid. â€Å"The early alchemists used organic phosphors all the time as thermal markers. The Chinese made colored fireworks, and even the Egyptians–† Katherine stopped midsentence, staring intently into the roiling water. â€Å"What?† Langdon followed her gaze into the turbulent water but saw nothing at all. Katherine leaned in, staring more intently into the water. Suddenly she turned and ran across the kitchen toward the door. â€Å"Where are you going?† Langdon shouted. She slid to a stop at the kitchen light switch, flipped it off. The lights and exhaust fan went off, plunging the room into total darkness and silence. Langdon turned back to the pyramid and peered through the steam at the capstone beneath the water. By the time Katherine made it back to his side, his mouth had fallen open in disbelief. Exactly as Katherine had predicted, a small section of the metal capstone was starting to glow beneath the water. Letters were starting to appear, and they were getting brighter as the water heated up. â€Å"Text!† Katherine whispered. Langdon nodded, dumbstruck. The glowing words were materializing just beneath the engraved inscription on the capstone. It looked like only three words, and although Langdon could not yet read what the words said, he wondered if they would unveil everything they had been looking for tonight. The pyramid is a real map, Galloway had told them, and it points to a real location. As the letters shone brighter, Katherine turned off the gas, and the water slowly stopped churning. The capstone now came into focus beneath the water’s calm surface. Three shining words were clearly legible. How to cite The Lost Symbol Chapter 86-89, Essay examples

Project Kick Off free essay sample

Time: From 10:00am – 11:30am Location: 165 Shepard Avenue Invitees: Mary Jo, Bobby Doe, Mary Jo’s mom and dad, Bobby Doe’s mom and dad, Mary Jo’s uncle, Kathy (Mary Jo’s cousin) Attendees: Project Manager, Customer, Organization (Family) Announcement Letter for Kick-off meeting To: All Project Members From: Project Manager Dear Project Members, You are invited to our kick off meeting on April 10th at 371 Orton Park Road, M1G 3V1, Toronto at 10:00 a. m. , to discuss how to plan and organize Mary Jo’s and Bobby Doe’s wedding activities. Please review the Project Plan attached to get some basic information about the project. Also, please note the agenda containing the items to be discussed in the meeting. The meeting is scheduled to last about one hour and a half. I can be reached at (416) 843-6125 or by email at [emailprotected] com Sincerely, Ileana Martin Project Manager AGENDA Welcome and Introductions Project Manager10:00 – 10:15 Customer’s StatementMary Jo Bobby Doe10:15 – 10:20. We will write a custom essay sample on Project Kick Off or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Project RequestProject Manager10:20 – 10:30 Project ObjectivesProject Manager10:30 – 10:35 Project ScopeProject Manager10:35 – 10:45 Roles ResponsibilitiesProject Manager10:45 – 10:55 Discuss IssuesProject Manager10:55 – 11:05 Next Steps Project Manager11:05 – 11:15 QuestionsProject Manager11:15 – 11:30 Communication Plan Outline External Communication Plan Persons external to the project with vested interest: 1. Vendors: the video professional, the transportation company, the caterers, the ceremony officiate, the limousine services provider, the formalwear store 2. Wedding guests (indirect beneficiary of the project results)

Literary Theories A Sampling of Critical Lenses Flashcard

Literary Theories: A Sampling of Critical Lenses

Policing essays

Policing essays The current treat of terrorism and other dangers to our country is a big concern. September 11 was a big wakeup call to our country as far as security reasons are concern. To me, I feel there had to be a big misunderstanding between our security officials and the president. The threats against our country are huge, but I dont think that combining all police agencies into one national organization would be good for our society. The way our policing is set up today, is perfect. Combining city, state, and federal officials together, will cause major problems and a lot of change to our criminal justice system. All police officials follow different state laws and statutes. Some states deal with certain issues differently than other states such as the death penalty and gun laws. Combining police forces will also affect the way officers do their jobs, because they might be use to a law being a certain way but when they realize things have changed, if effects how they perform. Many things will also be affected, like jurisdiction, training, educating new recruits, and corruption. Many state and federal agencies educate and train officials different. Some agencies like the F.B.I. and the D.E.A. train in secluded areas of the country, and many state and local city policing all train in one area. Training all these agencies in one big organization would cause a lot of problems because the strategies and the knowledge between these agencies are totally different and this would become stressful to a lot of people. A lot of our policing today are setup around jurisdictions and state restrictions. If policing was combined, then there would be no jurisdictions and all policing would respond to the same crime. As it is to day, officers can only respond to calls in their jurisdictions and no where else. There are 21 separate law enforcement agencies in our country and each agency deal with different parts of law enforcement in our society. Ed...

Social Marketing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Social Marketing - Case Study Example One dealership employee shared the experience that it was not easy to persuade ATV riders who already practiced bad habits to stop them. Q8. Young ATV riders and particularly those of between 10 and 12 years of age were selected as the target audience. It was because the quantitative data and focus group participants identified them as having a dire need for safety messages. High rates of mortality and morbidity were experienced for children below 16 years. Q9. Goals are broader in scope than objectives and indicate general intentions that may not be measurable. Objectives are narrow in scope, concrete and measurable as they are set for particular tasks. Goals have a longer time frame while objectives are short term precise targets. Q11. Specific behavioral objectives: To ensure that the target audience knew how to handle an ATV, wore a helmet, ignored negative peer pressure, encouraged others to be safe, examined the driving environment, and enjoyed riding an ATV. Q13. Students distinctly remembered the following form the campaign; wearing proper riding gear and helmet, not riding on paved roads, not carrying a passenger while driving, driving the correct size machine, and others generally recalling that they should be safe. Q14. College-aged students were important in the formative research to help capture the actual experiences and beliefs of ATV riders to develop and implement an appropriate curriculum for the children. Kerry, B., Brandi N., and Maria B. (2012). Using Social Marketing Processes to Develop and Pilot-Test an Intervention for Pre-Teen All-Terrain Vehicle (ATV) Riders. Journal of Emergency Medicine, 60(4),

The World in my image Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The World in my image - Research Paper Example It is not for nothing then that there exist several international bodies, of which almost all countries of the world belong to one of them or the other. Because of the need to ensuring that national decisions made conform to international principles and standards, policy makers have a great deal of task to learn when it comes to meeting the said standards and principle in the formulation and implementation of national policies. It is for this reason that the need to study international systems to have a fairer idea of the present image of the international system should always be a priority to policy makers. In the present essay therefore, an academic perspective is given of the current world image when it comes to international systems. Such analysis of the current international system would influence decision making at the national and international levels for policy makers. Overview of the International System The term international system is greatly influenced by behaviorism in t hat the personal systems of human behavior have led to the various theories of international system, being organized into two major components or perspectives. These perspectives are foreign-policy perspective and international-system-analysis perspective (Britannica, 2012). Some of the key theories that make up the foreign policy perspective are how individual states are governed and categories. Under this, mention can be made of some key categorization of individual States such as democratic nations and dictatorship States. At the foreign policy level therefore, nations are better viewed as individual states that have the freedom to operate from very individualistic viewpoints without having to think about the need to conform of strict international standards (Gilpin, 2002). This is indeed where the subject of total sovereignty comes in. At the international system analysis perspective or level however, there are major theories that deals with how nations interact with each other. This perspective or level has been considered to be a major binding necessity as no individual nation can proof to be so independent that it would not need to interact with other nations in one way or the other to get basic social and economic support. At the international system analysis level, the capacities of individual nations are considered in the relations but the essential factor is that each nation is supposed to operate within a confined specification of regulations and conduct. Structure and nature of the contemporary international system According to Dessler et al (1997), the best description that can be given to the structure and nature of the international system is and â€Å"organization of units that emerges spontaneously from their interaction.† It could be seen that the description put forth by Dessler et al (1997) is directly rooted in the two perspectives of international system discussed earlier. This is because at the discrete level, States interact wit h themselves and as a result of their interactions, which are often influenced by the foreign policy perspective, an interaction is developed. Subsequently, the interaction gives birth to the international system analysis perspective and finally forms of the structure of the international system, which according to Waltz (2010), when formed â€Å"cannot be controlled by the discrete units from which it was first formed.† In effect, the structure of

Betty Crocker Chocolate Fudge Cake Mix Marketing Essay

Betty Crocker Chocolate Fudge Cake Mix Marketing Essay A product can be seen as what is offered to consumers as an end result after the manufacturing process to satisfy a want or need. A product is not only tangible but may be a service. The consumer product Betty Crocker Chocolate Fudge cake Mix can be seen as a shopping product and is purchased when needed for example a birthday party. This product is seen as an easily made because it allows consumers to buy the cake mix already made and only requires four simple steps to complete the cake. This cake mix is 543 grams which serves 12 people so it may be convenient for small occasions. Betty Crocker cake mix is an Australian product made by Australian and imported ingredients and is distributed by General Mills. The ingredients that are used to make this cake mix is Sugar, wheat flour, vegetable oil, cocoa, raising agents, dextrose, thickeners, wheat, starch, emulsifier, whey powder, salt and it contains wheat, soy and milk. There are many variety of flavours that are available that incl ude chocolate fudge vanilla, chocolate mud, devil food, chocolate swirl, vanilla, milk chocolate chunk and reduced fat chocolate fudge. The primary packaging that contains this product is a cardboard box that is 95% percent recycled and the colours used on it are mostly red and yellow which stood out from most of the other brands on the shelf. The cake mix before opened may be kept until a year and after making the cake can be stored up to three days or can kept in a freezer for three weeks. Betty Crocker offers other products within its product line such as cupcakes, brownies, cookies, shakers and muffins. Betty Crocker has many other products within its product mix as well such as fruit snacks, potatoes, salads, gold medal flour, cereal products and yogurt. The branding of Betty Crocker includes a symbol which is a red spoon that has the brand name Betty Crocker written in it. The red spoon is Betty Crockers guarantee of quality, great taste and convenience. This brand is trademar ked due to the  ® shown after the brand name Betty Crocker. The labeling of this product includes mostly everything that is required such as the registered trade mark, the size of the package, nutritional features, number of servings, instructions on how to make the cake, the expire date, and the name, address the phone number of the distributor. Price is known as the exchange value a consumer gives for a product. Betty Crocker uses promotional pricing such as price leaders to promote their product for example in Coles Betty Crocker cake mix original price is $4.99 and is discounted to $4.87, this pricing method is seen as an odd-even pricing method, were customers look at this price and think $4.99 this product is on sale and do not look at it as $5.00. Betty Crocker also uses special event pricing which they set their prices low when there is a special event for example on Mothers Day. Betty Crocker uses non-price competition even though there prices are discounted they are still higher than competing products around them such as White Wings who sell their products originally for $4.73 and discount it to $4 and Greens Who sell their products for $2. This can be seen as a benefit for Betty Crocker as they may be able to get more customer loyalty. Betty Crocker cake mix and similar companies that produce cake mixes can be see n as an oligopolistic market due to all of them cutting down prices to gain a competitive edge. For example the Betty Crocker cake mix at Coles is shown to be discounted along with all the other competing companies next to it such as White Wings. Demand Curve e.g. For most products, the quantity demanded goes up as the price goes down and goes down as the price goes up. Thus, there is an inverse relationship between price and quantity demanded. Place is simply the location of where a customer can find a product that they need. Marketers need to make sure that they provide the product they are selling to the right target market in the correct location. Betty Crocker cake mix can be found in general merchandise stores such as Coles, Woolworths and franklins. Betty Crocker cake mix in Coles is placed in the aisle were the cake mixes are and is found next to the flour and similar products such as White Wings. It is placed in the middle, top and bottom of the shelf; this makes it easier for customers to find what type of cake mix they want without moving up and down the aisle. Promotion is seen as the way a product is advertised to its target market. Betty Crocker promotes its product on their website. They offer sales promotion such as coupons that you can print out if you join their website which you can save $1.00 of any Betty Crocker purchase. If an order is placed online they also offer 10% discount for a party order. Their website also offers discounted items that are on special weekly if anything is ordered online. Most of Betty Crockers cake mixes also provide information on cupcakes on the box in order to promote their cupcakes. Their website offers information on what to make using their products on special occasions such as Valentines Day, Birthdays and Fathers Day. They also use stickers on their products that say Prices are down to grab attention the consumers attention. Competitive product advertising is also done for Betty Crocker though advertising their product on television. The most recent add for Betty Crocker was in 2009 on a chocolate cake mix, and was directed towards mothers and children. They showed that their product is made easily and even children can help their mothers into baking the cake. SWOT ANALYSIS Strengths Company Logo- The red spoon is well known and popular Marketed through a well known food processing company (General Mills). Many different products to choose from, they do not just specialise in one area Offer food range for all target markets such as children, parents and elderly and also offer a healthy range such as fruits and salads. Gluten free products for people who are health conscious Weakness Lowered prices Poor packaging for example the cake mix box cannot be sealed once opened Dependant on the US market Threats Competitors lowered prices Cake shops such as Michaels Patisserie who sell already made cakes Opportunity Milkshakes Ice-cream cakes Provide already made cakes than just cake mixes Introduction General Mills in a food processing industry. It makes products such as Baking Mixes, yogurts, snack foods, ice cream and cereals. They are known to market many well known brands, one of them including Betty Crocker.

Lester Ward’s Contributions to American Sociology

Lester Frank Ward was a man of science. Sometimes dubbed as the â€Å"Father of American Sociology† or the â€Å"Social Darwin† Lester Ward was first a botanist and paleontologist. He understood the power of science. Ward wrote Dynamic Sociology and a few other works with the hopes to reinstate the importance of experimentation and the scientific method to sociology. He served as president of the American Sociological Society in 1906 and appointed assistant geologist of the U. S. Geological Survey, a position he held for two years. Born to Justus and Silence on June 18, 1941, young Lester came from very humble beginnings. His parents were very poor and could not afford to send him to school. So, Ward taught himself at home. Even at a young age, Ward displayed exceptional intelligence. He taught himself how to speak different languages, Latin and Greek to name a few. His studies also included mathematics, botany, and geology. Although, he was not at the intellectual level as Comte or Voltaire, he made many contributions to all things social and founded sociology in America. He went on to join the fight against the Rebels in 1862. He was sent home after the Battle of Chancellorsville after being shot three times. While healing from his wounds, he also saw the reality of war which is legalized murder. He realized that the real enemy was ignorance, superstition, and oppression. In college, he felt that if he was a recognized for his work in the natural sciences, then most would listen to him in the field of sociology. He believed that the natural sciences should be the base for social sciences. Ward’s style of writing was known to be brilliant and crystal clear. One might think this stems from his uncanny talent for language. His writings are plain and comprehensible, which is a breath of fresh air for a reader who might not comprehend wordy and difficult styles of writing. Dynamic Sociology is one of Ward’s well known works. The reception at first was not that grand and Ward almost gave up on sociology to focus his energies on botany and geology. It eventually was praised by one of Ward’s toughest critics, Albion W. Small. When Dynamic Sociology was translated into Russian, it caused such a stir in the Russian government that the Czar ordered all copies to be burned in the city square of St. Petersburg in 1891. This is what George Kennan had to say about the book burning: â€Å"I have tried in my humble way to serve the cause of liberty in Russia, but I have not been able to do it with ability enough to get my writings burned. You are evidently a very dangerous man† (Chugerman, 66). Pure Sociology is Ward’s most popular work. The transition in Ward’s views of society from naturalistic to an almost completely cultural view is evident in this work. It got rave reviews overseas but, America was a bit cold towards it. Ward had many minor contributions to sociology, but there are three major contributions that have endure throughout the years. First was the emphasis which Ward placed upon psychic factors in interhuman relations (Chugerman, 3). Ward believed that human intelligence could guide and control wishes, desires, and feelings. Only the human mind can understand a society in which humans live. A good example would be happiness. In Dynamic Sociology, Ward explains that â€Å"happiness in the popular restricted sense is the experiencing of the higher emotional pleasures afforded by the gratification of social, esthetic, moral, and intellectual taste†(Gerver, 7). Ward’s second contribution for the sociologist of today was his â€Å"emphasis upon human achievement as the proper subject matter for sociology† (Chugerman, 3). He did not believe that any species below man was capable of human achievement. This is proof of his different viewpoint previously mentioned. His view of human society was mainly naturalistic, yet here one sees the change to a cultural view. Ward believed that desires and purposes were the foundation of culture that came about by accident at first, but could be morphed into intelligent social purposes. He also states that sociology is the science of that culture. His third major contribution to sociology is his â€Å"passionate affirmation of the possibility of intelligent social progress† (Chugerman, 3). He firmly believed in and pushed for the development of sociology as a science. He believed education was the safest method in which to develop intelligent social progress. Ward’s definition of social progress is the â€Å"increase of happiness of mankind† (Chugerman, 4). Even then, some found this definition insufficient, yet it can’t be denied that Ward built a strong foundation for sociology with his philosophy. Telesis is the theory that through the power of mind, humans can take control of the situation and direct the evolution of human society. A telic society will develop individuals and therefore society as a whole. The higher the individual is develop, the more develop society will be. Progress depends on the achievements. Like Comte, Ward suggested that sociology should use the cientific method of the natural sciences. Ward’s constructed his synthetic method from Comte’s idea of synthesis and believed that science has no problems that cannot be solved. The core of the synthetic method â€Å"is the law of causality, the magnetic pole which keeps the mind within the bounds of reason† (Chugerman, 100). To ignore this means to go back to metaphysics, where anything is possible and things happen without a cause. Ward’s philosophy as the love of wisdom is the ideal behind his sociocracy. Science keeps the philosopher grounded and not to fly off into mistaken the supernatural for reality. Science alone is the base of all philosophy† (Chugerman, 94). Ward also believed that philosophy is a branch of the scientific method. From philosophy as synthesis rises science-philosophy. Science and philosophy go hand in hand and Ward believed that â€Å"only a scientist can become a true philosopher† (Chugerman, 95). Ward became an advocate for women’s rights. Most sociologists disagreed with his theory that women were superior to men. Ward questioned how the mother of race came to be at such an inferior state and wh at forces has shaped them. He stated that â€Å"male superiority was a fallacy and a result of tradition and prejudice† (Chugerman, 380). Ward’s sex theories were opposed by both sexes and had a small following. One female write, Charlotte Perkins Gilman, dedicated her work, The Man-Made World, to Ward. Ward was a champion for the equality of all races and classes. He believed that this could only be achieved through universal education. He fervently opposed eugenics, the study and practice of selective breeding applied to humans, with the aim of improving the species. Charlotte Gillman strongly agreed with this movement and Ward harshly criticized her for it. Lester Ward passed away in the year 1913 at age 72. Ward was an eccentric man and had few friends. The few eulogies given by his friends remembered a man who fought relentlessly for human freedom and equality. Sadly, the majority of the public only saw him as an old professor. Only those closest to him put him in the same rank as Comte or Huxley. His love for the common people and hard work secures his place in 20th century America.

Cultural Diversity in Music and its positive and negative effects on Society Essay

American music is a melting pot of various genres of music. From the times when the country was colonized American music has come a long way. Rock and Roll, Hip-hop, Rhythm and Blues, Jazz and Country are among the internationally renowned genres. The more indigenous genres include Gospel, Louisiana tejoles, and Hawaiian music and American Folk music. Music intertwines with various aspects of American identity such as race, ethnicity, gender and social class. Of these race is perhaps the biggest driver of any particular genre of music. Hip-hop, jazz, soul and R&B have long been considered as an African –American tradition as has the country music genre been the tradition of whites in America. The mixing of cultures from has permeated popular culture in an unprecedented fashion. Because of its crossover appeal, music is a great unifier of diverse populations. It has gone from the fringes, to the suburbs, and into the corporate boardrooms. Over the last forty or fifty years music has been one of the biggest influential factors in teenage society. So, there’s no problem in assuming that our present adult society is built with some of the ideas taken from the music industry of the yesteryears. Positive Effects: Music in America has and continues to play a very positive role in the society. The emergence of folk music during the 20th century, and particularly the rise of popular folk music of the 1960’s, is probably the best example of music affecting society. The Civil Rights Movement was in full swing and the largely unpopular war in Vietnam was well underway. Folk music is, inherently, music played and sung by and for everyday people—music for the masses, so to speak. Naturally, when a culture becomes aware of radical changes that awareness gives way through expression. Folk singer and songwriter Woody Guthrie began writing â€Å"protest music† and songs in support of popular movements of the day. Other folk singers such as Bob Dylan and Joan Baez followed suit. For the first time, music was not only a vehicle for expression, but it was also a way to mobilize and inspire listeners to think differently and take action. Country music typically embodied idealistic thinking, shunning capitalism and material comforts. It is about everyday people doing everyday things-the bars they go to, the people they have lost, their dreams, their loves, and their friends. Country gives people something to relate to besides urban hip-hop, rap, heavy metal, and pop. As far as society as a whole, for the most part country singers are considered fairly wholesome-they aren’t in the tabloids for drugs and explicitly wanton behavior (not saying they don’t & they are all perfect! ) but their images tend to be cleaner than musicians belonging to other genres so it gives the younger generations people to look up to. Both Hip-Hop and R&B have impacted society in many ways, mainly well. R&B and Hip-Hop have, in their own way, addressed the challenges of African-American individuals, provided help and strength, and left an impact that has been widely debated throughout the years. Many people equate gangsta rap and other isolated artists or songs with all rap and, even worse, Hip-hop in general. This is a huge fallacy because 90% of rap is either something that helps society or at least something that doesn’t hurt it. Consider, for example, feminist rap. Feminist rap goes against any misogyny in other types of rap and forces society – especially men who objectify women—to take a step back and see that what is going on in the cases of gangsta rap is wrong. Another example of a form of rap that helps society is political rap. Political rap from artists such as Public Enemy encourage the black community to stand up for their rights and to become politically active so that they do not get taken advantage of. Rock musicians too have sometimes attempted to address social issues directly as commentary or as calls to action. During the Vietnam War the first rock protest songs were heard, inspired by the songs of folk musicians such as Woody Guthrie and Bob Dylan, which ranged from abstract evocations of peace Peter, Paul, and Mary’s â€Å"If I Had a Hammer† to blunt anti-establishment diatribes Crosby, Stills, Nash, & Young’s â€Å"Ohio†. Other musicians, notably John Lennon and Yoko Ono, were vocal in their anti-war sentiment both in their music and in public statements Negative Effects: The introduction of rock and roll music in the 1950’s brought with it the fear that its lyrics and new rhythms would adversely affect young listeners. That fear has carried over into the twenty-first century, but now the criticism is focused primarily on heavy metal and rap. It has been suggested that the lyrics in these types of music promote aggression, bigotry, deviant sexual activity, suicide, violence, drug use, and homicide. This issue also arises in the field of medicine. The American Academy of Pediatrics fears that rock lyrics are potential threats to the health and well being of adolescents. These concerns include pregnancy, drug use, sexually transmitted diseases, accidents, and suicide. Rap music is infamous for its inflammatory remarks towards women. Thus the two most popular forms of music for adolescents revolve around themes of disrespect and sexual imagery. Furthermore, the effects music lyrics have on mood, suicidal ideation, aggression, and stereotyping have been questioned. The massive popularity and worldwide scope of rock and roll resulted in an unprecedented level of social impact. Far beyond simply a musical style, rock and roll influenced lifestyles, fashion, attitudes, and language in a way few other social developments have equaled. From its beginnings, rock and roll has been associated with youth, rebellion, and anti-establishment. The blend of black influences, suggestive lyrics, and wild response by the younger set made rock and roll appalling and threatening to the older generation. The ability to shock the elders in turn became part of the appeal of the music to young generations. The rock and roll lifestyle was popularly known as being associated with sex and drugs. Many of rock and roll’s early stars (as well as their jazz and blues counterparts) were known as hard-drinking, hard-living characters; during the 1960s a decadent rock lifestyle became more publicly known, aided by the growth of the underground rock press which documented such excesses, often in exploitative fashion. Conclusion: The impact of American music on society is definitely a positive one. An artist’s music can be positive through lyrics by saying all the things the person listening wants to say. It can also inspire other people to do good things such as the song Imagine by the Beatles. Music enhances creativity. Writers block, it is said, can be cured by a bout of music listening. Although there has been a great deal of negativity that has centered on music, the positive far outweighs the negative. The negative effects of some genres of music, which are the commercialization of music, the loss of creative edge, and the sex, violence and misogyny, are over shadowed by positive effects like political awareness, societal awareness, anti-sexism, and racial awareness. References: 1. How Music Affects Society http://www. musicguidebook. com/articles/how-music-affects-society 2. Cultural Diversity in Music http://www. areditions. com/rr/index/set_musa. html 3. Effect of Rap and Heavy metal http://library. wcsu. edu/dspace/bitstream/0/35/1/tropeano. pdf

Conflict in the Workplace - 2269 Words

Workplace conflict is a specific type conflict that occurs in the workplace. Conflict can arise anywhere, anytime, by any given person. Workplaces are already stressful enough before conflict contributes to its share of stress. Long hours, hierarchical structure of the organization and unrealistic expectations are just a few of a dozen of factors that help shape the conflict that arises in the workplace. There are many different types of conflict that occur in the workplace. The five most common are as follows: 1. Interdependence Conflict: A person relies on someone else’s co-operation, output, or input in order for them to get their job done. Ex: Jacob, a salesperson, is always late inputting monthly sales figures, which causes†¦show more content†¦* Demographic: As mentioned before, these kids are from all over the state-rarely more than one from the same area-so they may get picked on for coming from a â€Å"country† or â€Å"ghetto† area. Also, it’s quite often that conflict arises because one client is defending his affiliation or so called â€Å"gang† while in the presence of a rival affiliation. They argue over who’s hometown is better and shockingly enough, who has the hottest girlfriend. * Phase Levels: Our program is broken down into 6 levels. The first 14 earned days, a client is on Phase One-Orientation. On this phase, c lients are not allowed to leave the facility to participate in any outings or activities, due to AWOL risk. Usually, learning of the schedule, rules, and names distracts clients from severe misbehavior in the beginning. We refer to this as â€Å"the honeymoon†. The next phase level is Exploration, which also requires 14 days earned (you earn days by having â€Å"0† incidences throughout both 1st and 2nd shifts) and good behavior for advancement to Phase 3; Discovery. This phase requires 28 days earned and good behavior for advancement to Phase 4-Reclaiming. 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